The Knights of Labor
a. Identification- a group that's motto was "An injury to one is the concern of all"; open to all workers, regardless of race, gender, or degree of skill; supported an 8 hour workday and advocated "equal pay for equal work"; saw strikes as a last resort and instead advocated arbitration
b. Significance- One of the first groups to allow ALL typed of people; reached around 700,000 members (one of the most"populated" groups of the time)
The Haymarket Riot
a. Identification- 3,000 people gathered at Haymarket Square in Chicago to protest police brutality; around 10 o'clock, someone threw a bomb, killing 7 police officers, causing police to kill several workers
b. Significance- after this incident, the public began turning against the labor movement; the bomb-thrower was never determined
The American Federation of Labor
a. Identification- a group that focused on collective bargaining, or negotiation between representatives of labor and management, to reach written agreements on wages, hours, and working conditions; used strikes as a major tactic; successful strikes led to higher wages and shorter workweeks
b. Significance- between 1890 and 1915, the average weekly wages in unionized industries rose from $17.50 to $24, and the average workweek fell from almost 54.5 hours to just under 49 hours
Samuel Gompers
a. Identification- Gompers had led the Cigar Makers' International Union to join with other craft unions in 1886.
b. Significance- This led to a bigger and stonger union, helping them in the longrun
The Homestead Strike
a. Identification- a strike called by steelworkers on June 29, 1892 after the company president announced his plans to cut wages
b. Significance- The strike lasted until November, showing that the steelworkers had put up a good fight, but they eventually gave in to the company
The Pullman Strike
a. Identification- In the Spring of 1894, this strike was called due to an extreme wage cut and many people being laid off
b. Significance- Many of the strikers were fired and never given the opportunity to get railroad jobs again, showing that they were not quite successful with their strike
Eugene V. Debs
a. Identification- Debs attempted to form an industrial union that would include ALL laborers- skilled and unskilled- in a specific industry.
b. Significance- This union, the American Railway Union, won a strike for higher wages in 1894, and consisted of 150,000 members, showing some potential in the power of the Union
The Industrial Workers of the World
a. Identification- a group of radical unionists and socialists organized this group; this group included miners, lumberers, and cannery and dock workers
b. Significance- won a major victory in 1912, but, otherwise, were not too successful
The Homestead Strike
a. Identification- a strike called by steelworkers on June 29, 1892 after the company president announced his plans to cut wages
b. Significance- The strike lasted until November, showing that the steelworkers had put up a good fight, but they eventually gave in to the company
The Pullman Strike
a. Identification- In the Spring of 1894, this strike was called due to an extreme wage cut and many people being laid off
b. Significance- Many of the strikers were fired and never given the opportunity to get railroad jobs again, showing that they were not quite successful with their strike
Eugene V. Debs
a. Identification- Debs attempted to form an industrial union that would include ALL laborers- skilled and unskilled- in a specific industry.
b. Significance- This union, the American Railway Union, won a strike for higher wages in 1894, and consisted of 150,000 members, showing some potential in the power of the Union
The Industrial Workers of the World
a. Identification- a group of radical unionists and socialists organized this group; this group included miners, lumberers, and cannery and dock workers
b. Significance- won a major victory in 1912, but, otherwise, were not too successful
No comments:
Post a Comment